Those examples aren't actually capturing carbon from the atmosphere. They're capturing carbon produced as a byproduct of industrial processes. There's a massive difference when you're already working with concentrated carbon dioxide and when you're trying to capture it from the atmosphere.
It makes the burning of fossil fuels more efficient, e.g. you can X tons of coal to produce Y MW of power and get Z additional gallons of gas. But it's really a stretch to call this carbon neutral.
Yes, because Prometheus fuels is trying to extract from atmosphere. Scavenging industrial CO2 byproduct is something you can only do opportunistically.
They're not talking about carbon offsets for the linked article, they're literally talking about using captured carbon to make fuel.
Remember "Don't Let the Perfect Be the Enemy of the Good"
https://www.c2es.org/content/carbon-capture/