I'll be honest, I lack the scientific literacy to understanding much of what Scott Aaronson is saying in that essay. But I will take your word for it that he has some surprising insights.
The Catholic egg question is pretty fascinating to me. I am not religious at all but I would be curious to ask theologians for their take on it.
The nice thing about Catholics, from the perspective of these doctrinal brain teasers at least, is that they are fairly centralized. Centralized enough that they can have official positions. Unlike Jews or protestants or Muslims. (Perhaps Orthodox Christianity also has enough structure to have official positions?)
In any case, from what I remember when I last looked into this topic the Vatican's official position on this is issue is that they don't have an official position. (Disappointing, I know.)
The Catholic egg question is pretty fascinating to me. I am not religious at all but I would be curious to ask theologians for their take on it.