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There are people saying we should not just not stop, but even increase sulfur injection:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratospheric_aerosol_injectio...

The thing is, this is not a one time solution. We would have to do it continuously, or else the temperature would quickly rise again. And we would have to increase sulphur injection if the CO2 level keeps rising. It could be a temporary solution though, e.g. until all countries switch to nuclear energy eventually and reduce CO2 emissions.



There are ways to make clouds and have this effect that don't involve sulfur!

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_cloud_brightening


You know what happens to soil when it rains salt from the clouds, right?

Sulphur at least is more natural, as it's also released by volcanoes.

https://extension.psu.edu/sulfur-fertility-management-for-gr...


Good thing we’ve never seen a volcanic eruption impact global temperatures.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Pinatubo


Or consider the year without summer: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year_Without_a_Summer


Just remember a year without a summer means a year without most agriculture


And ozone for that matter


We can do it over oceans where the impact should be limited.


The salt water comes from the ocean and goes back to the ocean.

I'm not sure what to take from the natural comment or if it's serious... Natural things can be profoundly bad for the earth and things that live on it, like poison... Or volcanos...

Also salt water, incredibly natural it turns out.


Salt water = natural. Salt rain ≄ natural. Salting agriculturaly viable soil is not good at all.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_salinity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salting_the_earth

Agreed, being natural is not necessariliy good. Solar flare, hurricanes, typhoons, tornadoes, eathquakes, polar ice cap and glaciers melting are all natural phenomena. Mabye they're good for the planet but not good at all for the puny earthlings, us.

Also, "we'll just do it over the oceans where impact should be limited" is risk prone, just like controlled burns.


But we just got rid of acid rain? That was going to eat us and the Colosseum alive back in the day.


Am I understanding that page correctly? Sounds like 3–4 deg C of cooling for an estimated $5 bn/yr.


Yeah, if climate change really was an “emergency”, mitigation would be extremely cheap. With big side effects. Nevertheless if it really were an emergency… in real emergencies, triage happens, and downsides are taken for granted.

Thankful that there’s no real emergency yet, but I suspect governments will drag their feet long enough that there will eventually be one, and then emergency relief will be deployed anyway, but it will cost way way more than 5bn.


I don’t know. My province in Canada is experiencing anomalous weather events year after year, and while things still look “okay” we seem to be encroaching on visible threshold events quite rapidly.

Sure, these events could mysteriously stop. Or stay very much the same, acting like a new normal that isn’t so destructive as to be an emergency. But the trend line is there. Fires increasing, biodiversity decreasing, floods occurring more dramatically and frequently, 100 year events predicted to be 10 year events not in decades but right now.

If that’s not an emergency, what is? If you’re thinking something like “when the province is stricken with drought for 10 years and everyone’s starving”, I hate to tell you but that’s well past the emergency date. At that point, you’re already done and the initial emergency happened.



It's technically true that total area burned globally has been on a downward trend.

That's a real piece of misdirect by Murdoch press though and typical of their editorial stance.

To quote Multi-decadal trends and variability in burned area from the 5th version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED5) [1] (one of many similar studies)

* Burned area declined by 1.21±0.66% yr-1 20 , a cumulative decrease of 24.2±13.2% over 20 years.

* The global reduction is primarily driven by decreases in fire within savannas, grasslands, and croplands.

* Forest, peat, and deforestation fires did not exhibit long-term trends.

So, managed areas are increasingly having fewer fires for a variety of reasons and they're a big part of the non ice areas across the globe.

Forest fires aren't decreasing, more worrying areas that typically don't see frequent fires are now seeing fires more often.

The Fox message is that beacuse total global fire area is reducing there's no need to worry about massive forest fires in places that typically don't see such things.

If ten thousand acres of seasonal grass fires doesn't happen does that really offset a thousand acres of old growth forest being torched to the ground?

[1] https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2023-182/essd-202...


So the article is true, but you don’t like it because it’s from WSJ?

Let me guess, I should be reading CNN, TheHill or WaPo?

If people keep demanding sensationalist news that drives people to action then you’ll end up with people that mistrust the media.


If you're seriously asking for my recommendation, as if that wasn't already apparent to the meanest intellect, then I would strongly suggest you look to the raw data and read informed papers on the aquisition and interpretation.

All 'news' papers, especially those that are heavily political and editorially biased (Murdoch's media empire, for example), will shape for eyeballs and reduce to the lowest common denominator.

You can see that I chose to go directly to an overview on the Global Fire Emissions Database and chose to quote directly from there.

The trite bite "Fires are actually decreasing." is meaningless sans context.


Many people do not have the time to read papers, jobs and life get in the way, which is why we use newspapers. WSJ happens to be one of the least biased papers, with a slight right lean.

Fires decreasing globally is not out of context here. I find that information interesting. Sure fires are increasing in other places but it seems to me your main concern is around people hearing that fires globally are decreasing.


Maybe you've heard the phrase "lies, damned lies, and statistics"?

Well, this is the statistics. There's nothing more misleading than the truth taken out of context.


The assumption it’s being taken out of context infers the readers of WSJ are incapable of understanding what it means. It’s yet again an insult.


https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/record-breaking-boreal-wild...

> From 1 January to 31 July, accumulated carbon emissions from wildfires across Canada total 290 megatonnes. This is already more than double the previous record for the year as a whole and represents over 25% of the global total for 2023 to date.


>WSJ

Really? Of course they would say that.


> If that’s not an emergency, what is?

You know it's an emergency when the status quo is completely unacceptable and the government takes drastic measures (no more cars of any kind on the road, every physically able man/woman forced to work on whatever solution is chosen to help, that kind of thing - nothing close to what we're seeing today) with widespread support of the population.

You can't call it an emergency when no one would truly support emergency measures of the scale that would be enough to affect the climate (no, driving an electric car is not even close to helping if this was a true emergency - and I drive one myself).


> You know it's an emergency when the status quo is completely unacceptable and the government takes drastic measures

So if we never acknowledge it it is never an emergency?

> every physically able man/woman forced to work on whatever solution is chosen to help

Doing what? How will the physical power of the masses help us here?


> So if we never acknowledge it it is never an emergency?

Exactly. Do you think an emergency has some objective trigger?? No it does not, it's subjective, the people involved in the event are the ones who deem whether it's an emergency or not, even if they may be wrong about the gravity of the situation (which is why sometimes the rescue service may disagree with you whether you're in an emergency situation or not and refuse to rescue you, for example - that happened to me).

> Doing what?

Think about the Marshall Plan... if we really need to, I am sure we can get every man and woman to work on the manufacture and use of whatever device can collect CO2 from the atmosphere or whatever.


> Do you think an emergency has some objective trigger??

No. But it feels faulty to define an emergency by the reaction of the government. For example if we would have multiple years of crop failures, with associated mass starvation and unrest but let’s say the government sticks their fingers in their ears and proclaims “let them eat cake”. That would not count as an emergency per your definition. Do you feel that is right?

In fact when people are arguing if it is an emergency or not, they often argue about it because they do expect their government to do/don’t do things based on which side they are arguing. If we would define an emergency based on the actions of the government solely this would be totally falacious. But it is not. “We are in a climate emergency therefore the gov should do X.” is a perfectly valid thing to believe in. (And so is the opposite of course.)

> Think about the Marshall Plan...

Did the Marshall plan employ every able bodied adult? I must have missed that part of the history.

> I am sure we can get every man and woman to work on the manufacture and use of whatever device can collect CO2 from the atmosphere or whatever.

I will go with whatever then. We have these things called factories. They made manufacturing very efficient. There is zero chance that you could employ every man and woman meaningfully on a task like this. Simply you would run out of raw materials or organisational capacity before that happens.

There is a more fitting historical paralel to what you are proposing. It is very much akin to Mao’s Great Leap Forward. He got a lot of people to do a thing, but since it wasn’t the right thing to do it ended up as a total catastrophy.


> Do you feel that is right?

No, but that would never happen in a democracy. I am using "government" here losely as "the voice of the people" which is roughly correct in most democratic, non-corrupt countries.

> Did the Marshall plan employ every able bodied adult? I must have missed that part of the history.

I don't know why you feel the need to ridiculize my argument. You know all too well, I'm sure, that while not every single person was involved, as many as deemed necessary were... if things got so bad the germans/japanese were approaching the American shore, I don't doubt every single person, except those already tasked with food production, would be called and happily accept their call of duty.


> If that’s not an emergency, what is?

When climate change starts causing QALY losses comparable to the effects of, say, banning cars.


Think of climate change like a car driving off a cliff. The car is “safely” on solid ground until it isn’t. The problem is that at some point to avoid the emergency you need to hit the brakes or turn, and this particular car might not be able to turn or brake very hard without catastrophic effects on the occupants. Moving away from this metaphor, there is a possibility we cross a tipping point in the climate system (and may already have done so) that can be “reversed” through emergency geoengineering: but it’s not clear that the necessary level of intervention would be compatible with global agriculture and civilization.


those who believe we will hit a discontinuous tipping point are precisely those who should be advocating for geoengineering now, despite its unknowns and downsides… yet the voices to do so are curiously absent


I don't know if they should be advocating for geoengineering now, but we should definitely start getting used to the idea that we might need it very soon. That means a huge acceleration of research to test the techniques we have, and make sure they don't have unintended consequences (like accidentally destroying the ozone layer.)

> yet the voices to do so are curiously absent

It's easy to think this if you're not paying attention: the issue is very controversial and many people oppose it But a number of scientists signed onto a letter calling for additional research into this [1], and Congress and the White House OSTP are also pushing to speed up and increase research funding [2]. Of course, this kind of research could go away in a single election.

[1] https://insideclimatenews.org/news/27022023/solar-radiation-...

[2] https://www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/news-updates/2023/06/30/cong...


The biggest thing about this sulfur realization is that it's a massive experiment we have been accidentally running on its effectiveness and the side effects caused by it... And now without it.

Makes it a lot easier to validate your solution and be more sure of side effects


We are in an emergency, look at those graphs ?

Imo governments know this , just not yet sure what to do yet.


Governments will drag their feet, but there are hundreds of individuals who could float a few $B a year to get this started.

Once it's working, I expect they won't be allowed to shut it down.


We are in an emergency, look at those graphs ?


The biggest thing about this realization is that we just ran a massive natural experiment about its effectiveness and side effects without realizing it. An experiment that never would have been run if proposed, both politically and economically.


We ought to stop surface-level sulfur emissions, for human health and also because ship engines that produce sulfur also produce lots of other nasty shit.

Stratospheric sulfur is much more efficient, per kg, at reflecting sunlight, so we could replace the cooling effect of surface-level sulfur with stratospheric sulfur, and if we choose to, go even further to cool the planet more.


This will be the trigger that destroys us all, man thinking he has the knowledge to force climate change by manipulating atmospheric composition and then acting on it. Oh well.


To be fair, if we did mostly stop fossil fuel exploration and emissions right now we would get a quick reduction of antropogenic warming into some 80% to 90% of the current amount in some 4 decades due to some fast-degrading gases that are not CO2.

That said, we won't stop fossil fuel exploration and the related emissions, so yes, it's temporary.


Fossil fuels are being replaced pretty fast, but it will be several decades before the transition is complete.


It will not complete in your lifetime. While rich countries may be able to force conversion, we haven’t started thinking about the poorer ones. Even in the rich countries there are holdouts, like myself, who needs something with a transportable spare fuel source as EV range needs to triple for it to be useful for me.


Yes it would stop warning but it would be akin to genocide. The inertia around fossil fuels use in the modern world would cause the death of millions or maybe billions if stopped suddenly.


Yeah I just read this, not really sure what the alternatives are now? Looks like the situation is spiraling out of control so...??

Cover Greenland in a reflective blanket?

Sounds like it is time to panic...and actually do what needs to be done.


The time to panic was 1980. We’re well past that point by now, and have already committed to at least a whole degree of warming, if not more.

> Cover Greenland in a reflective blanket?

Ha! I want to see a study on this now. Greenland already has high albedo so it wouldn’t be that effective; it would protect the ice sheet but also be covered by new snow, if any.


The best time to panic was 1980. The next best time is right now.


We should definitely not write for The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy.


I don’t think I should be writing for anything, and I’m surprised I’m allowed to here!


> until all countries switch to nuclear energy eventually and reduce CO2 emissions.

I'm confused. CO2 will still be in the atmosphere warming the planet once emissions stop. So we'd still need to be constantly emitting sulfur.


I think CO2 would go down naturally after some time. But maybe we actually need to actively remove it, which is way harder.


> I think CO2 would go down naturally after some time.

How? Where does the carbon go?


Eaten by plants, turned into coal. Atmospheric CO2 will indeed go down, after… some time.


My understanding is that weathering of rocks is bigger but slower than organic carbon cycle. It works on order of thousands of years, and is the main long-term balance.


I thought all coal was created in the carboniferous because no organisms had yet developed to break down that material?


We do this until CO2 levels come down. Hopefully 20-30 years. Regardless this is really a series of crazy experiments we are proposing doing on a very complicated system.


Unfortunately, CO2 stays in the atmosphere for 300-1000 years.

https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2915/the-atmosphere-getting-a-....



The Earth's greatest temperature was before humans ever existed


I would appreciate if humans continued existing, so I am interested in not returning to that point in prehistory.


And it took way longer than a few decades to get there hmm...? Systems had time to adapt, including new animals evolving. For example trees species habitable zones migrate north or south in response to a changing climate, but to do that the northern most edge of the habitable zone for that species at the time a tree starts is life needs to stay within the southernmost edge until that trees dies, otherwise they can't move fast enough. So the whole zone can't move further than the width of it within, what 500 years? At a wild guess. Depending in the average lifetime of the tree species. Other systems involve evolution to adapt which takes a lot longer. That's an over simplification of course, and I'm not a scientist, but those are not timescales we've got.


Could there be a connection?


What's your point?


“Point” seems generous. Looking at their post history their either a shill or a troll. That said I’ve heard real people in real life with alleged “real ideas” that say that because system warming has happened in the planet’s distant past we should just accept it as Gosh’s Will or whatever and accept whatever divine punishment we deserve or something. It always gets very fuzzy on how we actually continue to have a world with these problems but with religious fanatics I expect that Sky Daddy will come save them personally so they are unconcerned


The crazy people are the ones that think they can keep the planet's climate constant forever. Never happened, never will


That’s quite a jump even for goal posts


> but with religious fanatics I expect that Sky Daddy will come save them personally so they are unconcerned

Bigot much?

Do you think this class is anymore likely to listen to you now after you’ve insulted them?


/Simpsons meme


Go back to the Hadean era, bro.




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